ग्रेगोरियन कैलेंडर क्या है,सात ग्रेगोरी महीनो में से एक है जिनमे 31 दिन होते हैं

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नैनीताल ::- अधिवर्ष ऐसा वर्ष होता जिसमे एक दिन या एक माह”चान्द्र-सौर वर्ष में” अधिक होता है। इसका उद्देश्य कलेण्डर या पंचांग के वर्ष को खगोलीय वर्ष के साथ बनाकर रखना है। कलेण्डर या पंचांग वर्ष में पूरे पूरे दिन ही हो सकते है लेकिन खगोलीय घटनाओं को लगने वाला समय पूरे पूरे दिनों में विभाजित नहीं हो पाता है। अगर अधिवर्ष नहीं रखे जाएँ तो वार्षिक प्राकृतिक घटनाएँ मौसम पंचांग या कलेण्डर के सापेक्ष धीरे धीरे अलग समय पर होने लगेंगी । अधिवर्ष में एक दिन या महीन जोड़कर सामाजिक और प्राकृतिक घटना के बीच समय का तारतम्य बना रहता है। जो वर्ष अधिवर्ष नहीं होते उनको सामान्य वर्ष कहा जाता है। अधिवर्ष में जो दिन बढ़ाया जाता है उसे अधिदिन (leap day ) कहते हैं। अधिवर्ष में जो माह बढ़ाया जाता है उसे अधिमास कहते हैं।

दिसंबर ग्रेगोरियन कैलेंडर के हिसाब से वर्ष का बारहवां और आखिरी महीना होता है। सात ग्रेगोरी महीनो में से एक है जिनमे 31 दिन होते हैं। लैटिन भाषा में इसे दिसेम (decem) का मतलब “दस” होता है। दिसम्बर भी रोमन कैलेंडर का दसवां महीना था जब तक कि मासविहीन सर्दियों की अवधि को जनवरी और फरवरी के बीच विभाजित नहीं कर दिया गया। दिसंबर से संबंधित फूल हॉली या नारसीसस है। दिसंबर माह में उत्तरी गोलार्द्ध में दिन के सूर्य की रोशनी का समय सबसे कम और दक्षिणी गोलार्द्ध में सबसे अधिक घंटे होते हैं। दिसंबर और सितम्बर सप्ताह के एक ही दिन से शुरू होते हैं।


ग्रेगोरियन कैलेंडर में अधिवर्ष 366 दिन का होता है जबकि सामान्य वर्ष 364 दिन का होता है। हिब्रू कैलेंडर में करीब 19 वर्षों में 13 बार एक चान्द्रमास बढ़ाया जाता है । हिन्दू पंचांग में करीब 32 महीनों चन्द्रमास में एक माह बढ़ा दिया जाता है। पोप ग्रेगरी के समय तक 14 दिनों का था, लेकिन उन्होंने अपने सुधार को बहाल करने पर आधारित किया वसंत विषुव , तो मार्च 11 गिरने, 21 मार्च, तारीख यह 325 में हुई करने के लिए CE।।


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